Scientists
Physicist
Born: 1885
Died: 1962 |
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Proposed the Bohr model of the atom, which stated that electrons in an atom are arranged in shells around the atom's nucleus. |
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Received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1922. |
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Contributed to the creation of the atomic bomb as a member of the Manhattan Project, a secret effort of the United States government. |
Physicist, mathematician,
astronomer, philosopher
Born: 1643
Died: 1727 |
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In mathematics, Newton shares the credit with Gottfried Leibniz for the development of the differential and integral calculus. |
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Described universal gravitation and the three laws of motion which dominated the scientific view of the physical universe for the next three centuries. |
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In optics, he built the first practical reflecting telescope and developed a theory of color based on the observation that a prism decomposes white light into the many colors which form the visible spectrum. |
Physicist
Born: 1878
Died: 1968 |
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Part of the team that discovered nuclear fission, an achievement for which her colleague Otto Hahn was awarded the Nobel Prize. |
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The second woman to obtain a doctoral degree at the University of Vienna in 1905. In 1926 she became the first woman physics professor in Germany. |
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In 1923, Meitner discovered the radiationless transition known as the Auger effect, which is named for Pierre Victor Auger, a French scientist who discovered the effect two years later. |
Theoretical Physicist
Born: 1942
Died: n/a |
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Key scientific works have included providing, with Roger Penrose, theorems regarding singularities in the framework of general relativity, and the theoretical prediction that black holes should emit radiation. |
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His scientific career spans over 40 years and his books and public appearances have made him an academic celebrity. |
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Hawking has amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a condition that has progressed over the years and has left him almost completely paralysed. |
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